1. Guud
Valves-ka taxanahan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu xiro ama lagu furo dhuumaha nidaamka dhuumaha si loo ilaaliyo shaqada caadiga ah ee nidaamka.
2. Sharaxaada Alaabta
2.1 Shuruudaha farsamada
2.1.1 Naqshadeynta iyo soo saarista: API600, API603, ASME B16.34, BS1414
2.1.2 Cabbirka dhamaadka isku xirka: ASME B16.5, ASME B16.47, ASME B16.25
2.1.3 Weji ka weji ama dhammaad ilaa dhammaad: ASME B16.10
2.1.4 Kormeerka iyo tijaabada: API 598, API600
2.1.5 Cabbirrada magaca: MPS2″ ~ 48″, Qiimaynta heerka magaca: Class150 ~ 2500
2.2 Valves-ka taxanahan waa buug-gacmeed (oo lagu farsameeyay taayir gacanta ama sanduuqa marshadidda) alxanka iridaha leh cidhifyada flange iyo dhamaadka alxanka dabada. Markaad u rogtid taayirrada gacanta saacada, albaabku wuu soo dhacayaa si uu u xidho dhuumaha; marka taayirrada gacanta u leexiso dhanka saacada, albaabku wuxuu u kacaa si uu u furmo dhuumaha.
2.3 Qaab dhismeedka eeg sawirka 1, 2 iyo 3.
2.4 Magacyada iyo agabyada qaybaha muhiimka ah waxay ku taxan yihiin shaxda 1.
(Shaxda 1)
Magaca Qaybta | Qalab |
Jirka iyo lafta | ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6, ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M, Monel |
irid | ASTM A216 WCB, ASTM A352 LCB, ASTM A217 WC6, ASTM A217 WC9, ASTM A351 CF3, ASTM A351 CF3M ASTM A351 CF8, ASTM A351 CF8M, ASTM A351 CN7M ASTM A494 CW-2M, Monel |
kursi | ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF2, F11, F22, ASTM A182 F304 (304L), ASTM A182 F316 (316L) ASTM B462, Has.C-4, Monel |
jirid | ASTM A182 F6a, ASTM A182 F304 (304L) ASTM A182 F316 (316L), ASTM B462, Has.C-4, Monel |
Baakad | Garaafka tidcan iyo garaafka dabacsan, PTFE |
Ukun/nut | ASTM A193 B7/A194 2H, ASTM L320 L7/A194 4, ASTM A193 B16/A194 4, ASTM A193 B8/A194 8, ASTM A193 B8M/A194 8M |
Gasket | 304 (316)+Graph,304(316)Has.C-4, Monel, B462 |
Giraanta fadhiga/Diigga/korka sare | 13Cr,18Cr-8Ni,18Cr-8Ni-Mo,NiCu alloy,25Cr-20Ni,STL |
3. Kaydinta, dayactirka, rakibidda iyo hawlgalka
3.1 Kaydinta iyo dayactirka
3.1.1 Tuubooyinka waa in lagu kaydiyaa qol qallalan oo hawo fiican leh. Dhamaadka marinka waa in lagu xidhaa daboolo.
3.2.
3.1.3 Haddii wakhtiga kaydinta uu ka badan yahay 18 bilood, waa in la tijaabiyaa valves-ka oo waa in la sameeyaa diiwaannada.
3.1.4 Qalabka la rakibay waa in si joogto ah loo baaro loona dayactiraa. Qodobbada dayactirka ee ugu muhiimsan waxaa ka mid ah kuwan soo socda:
1) waji xidhid
2) Valve stem iyo lowska stem.
3) Baakad.
4) Ku-xumaynta dusha gudaha ee jirka waalka iyo bowdada bowdada
3.2 Rakibaadda
Kahor inta aan la rakibin, hubi in aqoonsiga valve (sida model, DN, 3.2.1PN iyo walxaha) lagu calaamadeeyay si waafaqsan shuruudaha nidaamka dhuumaha.
3.2.2 Kahor intaadan rakibin, si taxadar leh u hubi marinka waalka iyo wejiga xidhitaanka. Haddii ay jiraan wax wasakh ah, si fiican u nadiifi.
3.2.3 Kahor intaadan rakibin, hubi in dhammaan boolalku si adag ugu xidhan yihiin.
3.2.4 Kahor inta aan la rakibin, hubi in baakaduhu si adag loo cadaadiyo. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, dhaqdhaqaaqa jirridda waalka waa in aan la qasin.
3.2.5 Goobta rakibaadda ee waalka waa inay fududaysaa kormeerka iyo hawlgalka. Meesha la door bidaayo waa in ay ahaataa in dhuumuhu uu siman yahay, taayir-gacmeedku uu ka sareeyo, tariinka waalka uu yahay mid toosan.
3.2.6 Walalka caadiga ah ee xiran, kuma habboona in lagu rakibo meesha cadaadiska shaqadu uu aad u weyn yahay si looga fogaado in uu dhaawac gaaro asliga.
3.2.7 Socket welded valves waa in ay ugu yaraan buuxiyaan shuruudaha soo socda marka la alxanayo si loogu rakibo nidaamka dhuumaha goobta:
1) alxanka waa in uu sameeyaa alxanka haysta shahaado aqooneedka alxanka oo ay ansixisay maamulka bakhaariyaha iyo cadaadiska gobolka; ama alxanka helay shahaado aqooneedka alxanka ee lagu qeexay ASME Vol.Ⅸ.
2) Halbeegyada habka alxanka waa in la doortaa sida ku qeexan buuga hubinta tayada alxanka.
3) Halabuurka kiimikada, waxqabadka farsamada iyo iska caabbinta daxalka ee birta buuxinta ee tolitaanka alxanka waa inay la jaanqaadaan birta saldhigga ah.
3.2.8 Waalka sida caadiga ah waa la rakibay, walbahaarka weyn ee ay sababto taageerooyinka, qalabka iyo tuubooyinka waa in laga fogaadaa.
3.2.9 Ka dib marka la rakibo, inta lagu jiro baaritaanka cadaadiska ee nidaamka dhuumaha, tuubada waa in si buuxda loo furo.
3.2.10 Meesha xajinta: haddii dhuumuhu leeyahay awood ku filan oo ay ku qaadi karaan culeyska waalka iyo qulqulka hawlgalka, markaa looma baahna barta wax lagu dhejiyo, haddii kale valve waa inuu lahaadaa barta.
3.2.11 Kor u qaadis: ha isticmaalin taayir gacanta si aad kor ugu qaaddo oo aad u qaaddo valve
3.3 Hawlgalka iyo isticmaalka
3.3.1 Inta lagu jiro xilliga adeegga, albaabka valve waa in si buuxda loo furo ama si buuxda loo xiro si looga fogaado dhaawaca korka ee giraanta kursiga iyo albaabka valve sababtoo ah dhexdhexaad xawaare sare leh. Looma isticmaali karo in lagu hagaajiyo awoodda socodka.
3.3.2 Markaad furto ama xidhid waalka, isticmaal wheel wheel halkii aad ka isticmaali lahayd kabaal caawiye ah ama isticmaal qalab kale.
3.3.3 Heerkulka shaqada, hubi in cadaadiska degdega ahi uu ka hooseeyo 1.1 jeer cadaadiska shaqada ee qiimaynta heerkulka heerkulka ASME B16.34.
3.3.4 Qalabka badbaadada badbaadada waa in lagu rakibaa dhuumaha si looga hortago cadaadiska shaqada ee waalka heerkulka shaqada inuu dhaafo cadaadiska ugu badan ee la oggol yahay.
3.3.5 Garaacista iyo naxdinta waalka waa mamnuuc inta lagu jiro gaadiidka, rakibidda iyo muddada hawlgalka.
3.3.6 Burburinta dareeraha aan joogtada ahayn, tusaale ahaan, burburka dareeraha qaarkood waxay sababi karaan balaadhinta mugga waxayna u horseedi kartaa kor u kaca cadaadiska shaqada, sidaas darteed waxay dhaawaceysaa waalka oo keena qulqulka, sidaas darteed, isticmaal qalabka cabbirka habboon si aad u baabi'iso ama u xaddiddo waxyaabaha sababi kara burburka. dareere ah.
3.3.7 Haddii dareeruhu yahay kondensate, tani waxay saamaynaysaa waxqabadka valve, isticmaal qalabka cabbiraadda habboon si loo yareeyo heerkulka dareeraha (tusaale, si loo dammaanad qaado heerkulka habboon ee dareeraha) ama ku beddel nooc kale oo waalka ah.
3.3.8 Dheecaan is-bari kara, isticmaal qalabka cabbiraadda habboon si loo dammaanad qaado cadaadiska deegaanka iyo shaqada kama badanayo barta shidista (gaar ahaan ogaysii qorraxda ama dabka dibadda).
3.3.9 Haddii ay dhacdo dareere khatar ah, sida walxaha qarxa, gubanaya. Waxyaabaha sunta ah, oksaydhka, waa mamnuuc in la beddelo baakadaha cadaadiska (inkasta oo valve uu leeyahay shaqo noocaas ah).
3.3.10 Hubi in dareeruhu aanu wasakh ahayn, kaas oo saameeya waxqabadka valve, kuma jiraan waxyaabo adag, haddii kale qalabka cabbiraadda ku habboon waa in la isticmaalo si looga saaro wasakhda iyo adkaha adag, ama lagu beddelo nooc kale oo valve ah.
3.3.11 Heerkulka shaqada ee la oggol yahay:
Qalab | heerkulka | Qalab | heerkulka |
ASTM A216 WCB | -29~425℃ | ASTM A217 WC6 | -29~538℃ |
ASTM A352 LCB | -46~343℃ | ASTM A217 WC9 | -29 570 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF3 (CF3M) | -196-454℃ | ASTM A494 CW-2M | -29 450 ℃ |
ASTM A351 CF8 (CF8M) | -196-454℃ | Monel | -29~425℃ |
ASTM A351 CN7M | -29 450 ℃ | - |
3.3.12 Hubi in walxaha jidhka waalka uu ku haboon yahay in loo isticmaalo deegaanka dareeraha ka hortagga daxalka.
3.3.13 Inta lagu jiro xilliga adeegga, fiiri waxqabadka shaabadeynta sida ku cad shaxda hoose:
Barta kormeerka | Daadin |
Xidhiidhka u dhexeeya jidhka waalka iyo bonetka | Eber |
Shaabadda xiridda | Eber |
Kursiga Valve | Sida ku cad qeexitaanka farsamada |
3.3.14 Si joogto ah u hubi xidhashada wejiga xidhashada. Baakaynta gabowga iyo dhaawaca. Samee dayactir ama beddel wakhti haddii caddayn la helo.
3.3.15 Dayactirka ka dib, dib-u-urur oo hagaaji valve, waxqabadka cidhiidhiga tijaabada oo samee rikoodh.
3.3.16 Imtixaanka iyo dayactirka gudaha waa laba sano.
4. Dhibaatooyinka suurtagalka ah, sababaha iyo tallaabooyinka lagu hagaajinayo
Sharaxaada dhibka | Sabab macquul ah | Tallaabooyinka hagaajinta |
Ka daadato xirashada | Baakad aan ku filnayn | Dib u adkee lawska baakadaha |
Baakad aan ku filnayn | Ku dar baakad badan | |
Baakadaha dhaawacan sababtoo ah adeeg waqti dheer ah ama ilaalin aan habboonayn | Beddel baakadda | |
Ka daadanaya wajiga fadhiga valve | Wajiga fadhiga wasakhaysan | Ka saar wasakh |
Wejiga fadhiga oo duugoobay | Dayactir ama beddel giraanta fadhiga ama albaabka valve | |
Wejiga fadhiga oo waxyeeloobay sababtoo ah adkaha adag | Ka saar walxaha adag ee dareeraha ah, hagaaji ama beddel giraanta fadhiga ama albaabka valve, ama ku beddel nooc kale oo waalka ah | |
Diidida xidhiidhka ka dhexeeya jidhka waalka iyo bowdada | Boolasha si fiican looma xidhin | Si caadi ah u xidh boolal |
Kursiga oogada sare ee valabka jirka iyo bowdada bonnet flange ee fadhiga oo dhaawacan | Dayactir | |
Burbursan ama jaban | Beddel gasket | |
Wareega adag ee taayirrada gacanta ama albaabka valve lama furi karo lamana xidhi karo | Baakad aad u adag | Looska baakadaynta si habboon u furfur |
Qallooca ama laablaabashada qanjidhada xidhidhiyaha | Hagaajin qanjidhada daboolaya | |
lowska jirridda waalka oo burburay | Dunta saxda ah oo ka saar wasakhda | |
dunta tarigga waalka oo xidhan ama jabay | Beddel lawska stem lawska | |
Laabsan jirida waalka | Beddel jiridda waalka | |
Dusha hagaha wasakhda ah ee albaabka waalka ama jidhka waalka | Ka saar wasakh dusha hagaha |
Fiiro gaar ah: Qofka adeeguhu waa inuu lahaadaa aqoon iyo waayo-aragnimo la xidhiidha valves.
5. Dammaanad
Ka dib markii waalka la geliyo, muddada dammaanadda ee waalka waa 12 bilood, laakiin kama badna 24 bilood ka dib taariikhda dhalmada. Inta lagu jiro muddada dammaanadda, soo-saaruhu waxa uu ku siin doonaa adeeg dayactir ama qalab-hagaajin lacag la'aan ah waxyeelada ay sabab u tahay agabka, shaqada ama burburka waa haddii hawlgalku sax yahay.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-10-2020